The glass-ionomer cement is a combination of fluoro-alumino silicate and polyacrylic acid and water. The set material is composed of an inorganic-organic complex with high molecular weight. The material is considered biocompatible, since it is indicated in cavity bases and liners. The bonding of glass-ionomer material to dentin involves chemical and mechanical bonds. The chemical bond is based on exchange of ions between carboxyl group of substrate and calcium ions. The mechanical interlocking is based on the demineralization of exposed dentin by polyacrylic acid.
Various modified forms of glass ionomers are also available. These are resin modified glass ionomer cements and compomers. These materials achieve advantages of both the glass ionomers and composites. After one week of placement of glass ionomer cement, the odontoblastic layer is disrupted and dilated blood vessels seen in pulp area. Bacterial penetration into tubules is also observed. After about a month the pulp tissue recovered and displayed a normal appearance. The disruption of odontoblasts becomes normal.
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| Dilated blood vessels in the pulp |
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