Endodontics and Microbiology of Root Canals
Biomaterials and Osseointegration
- Historical Perspective
- Pathways of Pulpal Infection
- Importance of Asepsis
- Antimicrobial Effect of Debridement
- Microbes in Endodontic Infections
- Role of Environment
- Microbial Ecology and Biofilms
- Flora in Untreated Root Canals
- Flora in Obturated Root Canals
- Ecological Differences between Untreated and Root Canal Treated Teeth
- Bacterial Virulence Factors
- Detection and Identification of Pathogens
- Cultivation Methods
- Molecular Diagnostic Methods
- Commonly Used Terms
- Pulp Dentin Organ
- Physiology
- Composition
- Factors Influencing Pulpal Response
- Intensity of Pulpal Response
- Stages of Pulpal Inflammation
- Tests for Evaluation of Bio-compatibility
- Primary Tests
- Secondary Tests
- Pre-clinical Usage Tests
- The Restorative Materials and Pulp Reactions
- Zinc Oxide Eugenol
- Zinc Phosphate Cement
- Silicate Cements
- Polycarboxylate Cements
- Pulpal Reaction to Composites
- Pulpal Reaction to Glass-Ionomer Cements
- Pulpal Reaction to Tooth Preparation
- Pulpal Reaction to Caries
- Pulpal Reactions to Trauma
- Pulpal Reaction to Vital Bleaching
- Objectives of Access Cavity Preparation
- Armamentarium for Access Cavity Preparation
- Endodontic Coronal Cavity Preparation
- Principle I – Outline Form
- Principle II – Convenience Form
- Principle III – Removal of Remaining Carious Dentin and Defective Restorations
- Principle IV – Cleansing the Cavity
- Basic Procedure for Access Cavity Preparation
- Endodontic Preparation for Maxillary Teeth
- Maxillary Central Incisor
- Maxillary Lateral Incisor
- Maxillary Canine
- Maxillary First Bicuspid
- Maxillary Second Bicuspid
- Maxillary First Molar
- Endodontic Preparation for Mandibular Teeth
- Mandibular Central and Lateral Incisor
- Mandibular Cuspid
- Mandibular First Bicuspid
- Mandibular Second Bicuspid
- Mandibular First Molar
- Mandibular Second Molar
- Errors in Access Cavity Preparation
- Rationale of Determination of Working Length
- Methods for Calculation of Working Length
- Radiographic Apex Location
- Use of Apex Locators
- Digital Tactile Sense
- Apical Periodontal Sensitivity
- Paper Point Measurement
- First Generation
- Second Generation
- Third Generation
- Fourth Generation
- The Need to Obturate
- When to Obturate
- Same Visit Obturation
- Requirements of an Ideal Root Canal Sealer
- Requirements for an Ideal Root Canal Filling Material
- Etiology and Incidence of Tooth Fractures
- Classification of Tooth Fracture
- Ellis and Davey Classification
- WHO Classification of Traumatic Injuries
- Epidemiological Classification of WHO
- WHO Classification of Dentofacial Injuries
- Root Fractures and Cracks
- Vertical Root Fractures
- Cracked Tooth Syndrome
- Classification and Examination
- History Taking
- Clinical Examination
- Diagnostic Tests
- Injuries to the Gingiva/Alveolus
- Traumatic Injuries and their Management
- Crown Fracture
- Crown Root Fracture
- Root Fracture
- Luxation Injuries
- Avulsion
- Tooth Response to Traumatic Injuries
- Follow up Schedule
- Rationale of Dental Implant
- Historical Review and Evolution of Dental Implants
- Scope of Dental Implantology
Biomaterials and Osseointegration
- Biologic Classification of Biomaterials
- Selection of Materials for Oral iImplants
- Osseointegration
- Bone Physiology and Wound Healing
- Cellular and Molecular Determinants of Bone Formation
- Processes Associated with Bone Formation at Implant Surfaces: Mechanisms of Endosseous Integration
- Factors Affecting Osseointegration
- Sterilization Protocol
- Classification of Instrument Sterilisation
- Sterility Assurance
- Storage and Distribution
- Operatory Protocol
- Needle and Sharp Instrument Safety
- Biomedical Waste Management
- Patient Preparation
- General Necessities for Surgery
- Operative requirements for Stage I Surgery
- Flap Design
- Surgical Preparation of the Bone - Drill Technique
- Implant Placement
- Implant Insertion
- Representative Case of Stage I Surgery
- Post-Operative Care
- Complications
- Osseointegration
- Different Methods to Evaluate Osseointegration
- Stage Two Implant Surgery
- Pre Operative Planning and Implant Exposure
- Abutment Attachment
- Transitional Restorations
- Success Criteria
- Evaluation Parameters
- Evaluation of the Perimplantant Marginal Tissues
- Evaluation of the Bone Implant Interface
- Implant Quality Scale
- Maintenance Sequences
- Definitions and Classification
- Classification According to Aetiology of Implant Failure
- Failure due to Surgical Technique and Improper Placement
- Implant Selection Errors
- Restrorative Problems
- Classification According to Timing of Implant Failure
- Classification According to Origin of Infection
- Classification According to Condition of Failure
- Classification According to Failure Mode
- Treatment Options
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