Ellis and Davey Classification

Diagram to depict Ellis classification

The classification of Ellis and Davey (1970) for dental traumas is as follows:

• Class 1: Simple fracture of crown, involving little or no dentin.

Crown fracture (uncomplicated Ellis Class 1/WHO N502.50)

• Class 2: Extensive fracture of crown, involving considerable dentin, but no dental pulp.

Crown fracture (uncomplicated Ellis Class 2/WHO N502.51)

• Class 3: Extensive fracture of crown, involving considerable dentin and exposing pulp.

Crown fracture (Complicated Ellis Class 3/WHO N502.52)

• Class 4: The traumatized tooth becomes non vital with or without loss of crown structure.

Discolored traumatized tooth (Ellis Class 4)

• Class 5: Tooth lost as a result of trauma.

• Class 6: Fracture of root with or without fracture of crown.

Radiograph showing horizontal root fracture (Ellis Class 6/WHO N502.53)

• Class 7: Displacement of tooth without fracture of crown or root.

• Class 8: Fracture of crown enmasse.

• Class 9: Traumatic injury to deciduous tooth.

Traumatic injury to deciduous tooth (Ellis Class 9)